我国4300m高度上的高能宇宙线研究
谭有恒
(中国科学院高能物理研究所 北京 100039)
摘 要
随着g射线天文学的兴起,10年前在西藏高原海拔4300
m的羊八井谷地,出现并成长着一个国际知名的宇宙线实验站。其中日合作的ASg阵列在国际同类实验中,首先观测到了蟹状星云的Multi-TeV稳定g射线发射及活动星系核Mrk
501在1997年、Mrk
421在2000年的Multi-TeV
g射线强爆发,独家测出了反映太阳和行星际磁场状态的宇宙线太阳阴影的偏移并将之用于太阳活动变化的监测,利用高海拔优势及乳胶室和Burst探测器与阵列的联合实验进行了超高能宇宙线能谱和成分的研究。以高阻板探测器(RPC)地毯式阵列迈入»100
GeV空白能区的中意合作ARGO
(Astroparticle physics Research at Ground-based Observatory)计划,已进入大规模安装调试阶段。欲牢固占领Multi-GeV-TeV能区和满足对高可变、大峰流、短时标河外g源的观测所需的高海拔巨型大气契仑可夫光成像望远镜计划5@YorG,也正在酝酿之中。
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High
Altitude Cosmic Ray Research on Tibet Highland
Tan
Youheng
(Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing
100039)
Abstract
With the development of g-ray
astronomy, a cosmic ray observatory was founded in the Yangbajing
valley of Tibet highland (4300 m.a.s.l.) 10 years ago. Its EAS array
of China-Japan ASg
Collaboration detected successfully the steady emission of multi-TeV g
rays from the Crab Nebula, the strong outbursts from AGN Mrk 501 in
1997 and from Mrk 421 in 2000, which is the first detections in the
EAS experiments. The deviation and movement of Sun shadow by cosmic
rays induced by solar and interplanetary magnetic field, has been only
observed and will be adopted to monitor the variations of solar
activity. Taking the advantages of high altitude and the combination
of experiments of EAS array and emulsion chambers + burst detectors,
the primary energy spectrum and composition of ultra-high energy
cosmic ray have been studied. For exploring the 100 GeV gap region
between the space and ground-based experiments, the project of
China-Italy ARGO Collaboration is under constructing. Finally, to
challenge the 5 GeV low threshold and the highly variable
extragalactic sources, a high altitude huge IACT project 5@YorG in the
future is discussed.
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