太阳系探索和地外生命搜索
陈道汉 1,2
吴光节
1,3
(1. 中国科学院国家天文台 北京 100012)
(2. 中国科学院紫金山天文台 南京 210008)
(3.
中国科学院云华天文台 昆明 650011)
摘 要
综述了国际上进行太阳系空间探测的现状,着重介绍了探测月球、火星、小行星和外行星的意义、目的、手段和成就。择要介绍了美国宇航局、欧洶空间局、俄罗斯和日本近年来和下世纪初的空间计划。论及地外生命搜索,主要介绍了火星上水和生命搜索进展、地外生命搜索的SETI计划及其发展、物理学家与生物学家有关搜索成功的可能性的争论,以及太阳系外行星系统的发现。
太阳系外行星系统的发现是当代天文学最时髦的、也将是未来21世纪成果最串富的研究领域之一。目前,已经发现了大约58个太阳系外行星系统。太阳系外行星系统的发现与地外生命搜索研究是密不可分的。这项研究近20年来发展较快。它的研究也促进了航天学、宇宙化学、天文生物学乃至哲学等其他学科的发展。
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关键词 |
空间探索
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太阶系
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太阳系外行星 |
分类号 |
P18,
P149 |
Solar Syskem Exploration and
Extraterrestrial Life Search
Chen
Daohan 1,2 Wu Guangji 1,3
(1 National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Beijing 100012)
(2 Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 270006)
(3 Yunnan Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650311)
Abstract
A review of the current situation of international solar system
exploration is given. It is concentrated on the presentations of
scientific objective, significance, technique and achievement for the
exploration of Moon, Mars, Minor planets and outer planets. A brief
introduction to the spact projects of NASA, ESA, Russia and Japan in
the recent years and early 21th century is also outlined. In the field
of exuraterrestrial life search, the recent progress in the search for
water and life in Mars, SETI
program znd its development, the controversy of the possibility of
success of those projects among physicists and biologists, and the
discoaery of extrasolar planets.
The detection of
extrasolar planets is one of the most impressive results in modern
astronomy, and it will become one of the most remarkable research
fields in the 81th century. At present, about 50 extrasolar planets
have been discovered. The discovery of extrasolar planets is closely
related to the search of extraterrestrial life. Great progress hcs
been achieved in the past two decades. It has promoted the development
of many other scientific fields, such as astronautics, cosmochemistry,
astrobiology and even philosophy. |
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Key words |
space exploration - solar system - extrasolar planets |
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