类星体被发现后，黑洞发电机研究成为阐述活 动星系核(AGN)的产能机制及其宇宙学演化的 重要内容之一，主要涉及发电机物理和发电机输出特性两个方面。从广义相对论电 动力学(GRED)发电机理论和“膜模式”出发，在太阳发电机研究中引入引力磁项， 形成了αωΩ黑洞发电机理论。发 电机输出包括吸积盘辐射和喷流传播。辐射模型基于经典吸积模型的相对论扩展，已能说明Sgr A* 的宽发射谱，并可能根据谱特征确定发电机的构型参数；传播模型取决于发电机磁场的轴向分量和角 向分量，并已发展出一种普适描述方法。最后还介绍了黑洞发电机的研究动向。
The study of black hole dynamo, concerning mainly the dynamo physics and its output, becomes part and parcel in elucidating both the efficient mechanism for the energy extraction and the cosmological evolution of Active Galactic Nuclei(AGN) after Quasars were found. Based on the general relativistic electrodynamics(GRED), as well as ``the membrane paradigm'', αωΩ dynamo has been developed when formulating the gravitomagnetic effect in the solar dynamo theory. The dynamo outputs consist of the accretion-disk radiation and the jet propagation. The model of the former is on the relativistic extensions of classical models by which the extended, spectrun of Sgr A* can be explained, and the configuration parameters for the dynamo can be determined. The model of the latter depends on both the axial and toroidal components of the magnetic field, and a description used commonly is derived. At last, the latest developments of the black hole dynamo are introduced.