近年来，由于卫星测高工作的开展， 提供了丰富准确的观测资料，产生出许 多新的海潮模型。这些海潮模型的相互比较为研究海洋的精细结构、 海潮的动力学 、地球动力学提供了依据。另一方面，由现代空间技术和新方法来监测地 球自转中的高频变化研究领域也有长足的进展。 用这些技术 可检测出地球自转中 的周日和半日变化, 其中高频变化的一种重要激发源就是海潮。这是由于引潮位引 起海洋的流速和高度的变化，从而激发地球自转的变化。 一般来说， 海潮影响地 球自转的高频变化有两种不同的激发机制。 地球的惯性张量的变化即质量项，它对 应于潮高，而运动项对应于潮流。 许多研究表明, 从测地技术测定的地球自转中的 高频变化和从海潮模型预报的周日和半日潮波变化符合得很好。 综合性地评述了近 几年国际上海潮对地球自转中周日以下的高频变化影响的最新进展，同时也简要介 绍地球自转变化中周日以下的高频变化与海潮模式中的周日和半日变化比较的结果。另 外也提出了需解决的一些问题。
In recent years, the more precise and rich observational data have been
contributed and a number of new ocean tide models have been produced with development
of the satellite altimetry technique. The comparison of the different
ocean tide models should provide a base to the study of ocean structure,
coean tide dynamics and geodynamics.
On the other hand, a remarkable progress of monitoring high-frequency
variation in earth rotation from both modern space techniques and new methods
has been made. The daily and subdaily variatons of earth rotation are detected with
these techniques. The dominant reason of high frequency variation in earth rotation
comes from the ocean tide, which produces the variation of both tidal
height and velocity of tidal current generated by the tidal potential to excitate a changes in Earth rotation .
In general, the oceanic tides induce the earth rotation variation with high-frequency in two
different excitation mechnisms: one is the change of the inertia tensor of the Earth ,
which corresponds the tidal height, the other is the motion term, which corresponds
the tidal current. It is shown that the high frequency variation of
earth rotation detected from space geodetic techniques agrees well with daily and subdaily variation
predicted from the ocean tide model. Recent progress in the study of the influence
of ocean tide on earth rotation below daily time scales , which are obtained from
the different space observations, is reviewed. Meantime the comparison between
observational results and values from theoretical ocean tide models in daily and
subdaily terms is introduced. In addition, some unresolved problems on the
subject are also outlined.
Key words Ocean Tide Models---Earth Rotation